鸟儿-哺育 (Yellow-vented Bulbul)

幼鸟是今年拍到的,应该是它离巢的前一天,第二天我去时,已经鸟去巢空了.
哺育照片摄于06年4月.

白眉黄臀鹎
Yellow-vented Bulbul
Pycnonotus goiavier
Merbah Kapur (Malay)

资料来源http://www.naturia.per.sg/buloh/birds/Pycnonotus_goiavier.htm

Among the most common birds in Singapore; it is said that it is almost impossible NOT to see Yellow-Vented Bulbuls.

They are found nearly everywhere except in the deep forest. Originally from the mangroves and coastal scrub, they have adapted to become one of the most common birds in cultivated areas (parks, gardens, plantations).

The success of the Yellow-Vented Bulbul is probably due to their wide ranging diet of both plants and animals.

They are fond of berries and small fruits, especially figs and cinnamon tree fruits. They sip nectar, nibble on young shoots, and snack on insects. They forage in bushes and trees for berries and insects, and may even catch swarming insects on the wing.
Mangrove and wetland wildlife at
Sungei Buloh Nature Park
Main features: Small (20cm); slight crest; white face; yellow under tail coverts.

Adult: Olive brown crown, nape, underparts; white side of head, eyebrow, throat, belly; lores black; breast whitish streaked brown; black bill, feet, eyes. No white on tail.

Genders look alike.


Juvenile: Sides of head brownish; throat greyish.

Call: Described as a pleasing liquid bubbling chatter; loud harsh alarm call chweit-chweit.

Status in Singapore: Very common resident throughout the island and North and South offshore islands.

World distribution: Southeast Asia from Myanmar to the Philippines and Java. Not found in Australia.

Classification: Family Pycnonotidae. World 137 species, Singapore 10 species (1 introduced).
They also investigate bark for titbits. Unlike other Bulbuls, they forage on the ground, picking grass seeds and titbits, even from roads and pavements.

Yellow-Vented Bulbuls are solitary and feed alone or in pairs, although fruiting trees may attract a flock of them. But they roost in small communities in dense bushes or trees.

Breeding: Yellow-Vented Bulbuls breed widely in Singapore in February to June. Courtship involves wing and song displays. They raise and lower the crown crest as they sing.

Yellow-Vented Bulbuls build well-camouflaged but flimsy, loose, deep, cup-shaped nests. They use grass, leaves, roots, vine stems, twigs. The nest may be untidy on the outside but are neatly lined with plant fibres. They nest in a wide range of places from low bushes, creepers to high trees. They are so used to humans that they may even nest in ornamental plants in residential gardens and even balconies! 2-5 eggs are laid, variable in colour from white to pinkish, with lots of reddish-brown to lavender spots. Both parents incubate and raise the young.

Migration? Yellow-Vented Bulbuls don't migrate seasonally, but they appear to be high nomadic, moving from place to place regularly.

Status and threats: Yellow-Vented Bulbuls have adjusted well to humans and are not at risk. However, as a family, the Bulbuls are at risk. About 30% of the Bulbuls originally found in Singapore are extinct and 40% are at risk. These include the Straw-headed Bulbul (P. zeylanicus), Black-headed Bulbul (P. atriceps), Red-eyed Bulbul (P. brunneus) and Buff-vented Bulbul (Hypsipetes charlotte). This is particularly sad because Bulbuls are not only delightful birds, but also play an important role. As fruit eaters, they disperse the seeds of plants. As insect-eaters, they keep the population of damaging insects under control.